Calculating-machine.



A. F. POOLE. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED AUG.9. r915.

Patented Apr. 22,1919.

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CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICAHON FRED AUGJJ, I915.

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A. F. POOLE.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.9. I915 1 ,30 1 ,3 1 8, Patented Apr. 22, 1919.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR F. POOLE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE WAHL COMPANY, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Application filed August 9, 1915.

To all whom it may concern:

Bcit known that I, ARTHUR F. POOLE, of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in (alculating-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My inventionis an improvement in algebraic totalizers. Totalizers of-this class are not broadly new, therefore myinvention is a further improvement on the algebraic totalizcrs of prior art with a view to making their construction simpler and theiraction more positive and certain.

Generally speaking, algebraic totalizers are those having reversible canrying mechanism and having the number wheels of the totalizer provided with two setsof digits paired 0 and 9,.oneset of digits being read when the shifting balance is positive and the other set when the said balance is negative. It is desirable, though not essential, to also have some kind of a device to designatc which set of digits is to be read. The designating'device is usually in the form of a shutter which by being shifted-will conceal one number and exhibitthe other, thereby indicating which set of digits is to be read, and co-iincidently Whether the exhibited set of numbers represents a positive or negative balance. Since, in changing from a positive to a negative balance or vice versa, the highest wheel of .the totalizer moves, it is usual in case the designating device is made automatic to determine the position of the designating device by the highest wheel of the totalizer.

It is well-known that in passing from positive to negative quantities, or vice versa, it is necessary to add a unit in the lowest decimal place of the above described totalizer in order that the totalizer may exhibit the correct result. The necessity for the addition of this unit arises from the fact that algebraic totalizcrs have twozeros, that is. they have one position of the mechanism corresponding to the zero position for positive numbers and another position of the mechanism corresponding to the zero position for negative numbers. Necessarily. when the totalizcr is in the 0 position for positive numbers. any one of the wheels in the several decimal places must be able to Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 22, 1919.

Serial No. 44,654.

turn 9 steps in a positive direction before actuating the carrying mechanism. On the other hand, when the totalizer is in the 0 position for negative numbers, any of said wheels must be able to turn 9 steps in the contrary direction before the carrying tootlr actuates its associated carrying mechanism. From this, it follows that in the 0 position for positive numbers the carrying teeth of the wheels in the various decimal places are in contact with one side of the cooperating carrying mechanism and when the totalizer isin the 0 position for negative numbers these same teeth are in contact with the other side of the associated carrying mechanism.

, Mathematically considered, a positive zero is the-exact equivalent of a negative zero. However, in the algebraic totalizer which forms the subject of my present invention this mathematical equality does not correspond to a mechanical equality, or, in other words, to identical positions of the mechanism of the totalizer. As before noted, the position of the totalizer when it stands at negative zero, that is--when it has been returned to zero from a negative number by adding this number into the totalizer,-is not the same as the position of the totalizer when it stands at positive zero. So, While mathematically a positive zero is exactly equal to a. negative zero, in my improved al ebraic totalizer thc mechanism has one position for the positive zero and has another position for the negative zero, and these positions may be identified as just noted above; that is, when the totalizer stands in the positive zero, any or all of the number wheels may be turned nine spaces in a positive direction before a carry takes place. When the totalizer stands at negative zero. any or all of the number wheels may be turned nine Spaces in a negative direction before a carry takes place.

Assume the totalizer was in the position of positive 0. There would be a line of zeros at the reading line from which positive quantities are read. There would be a line of nines at the readin; line from which negative quantities are read. With the lotalizer in this position. subtract :1 unit from the lowest decimal place. A carry would then take place throughout the entire totalizcr,

the line of positive zeros changing to a line of Is. Simultaneously the line of negative 9's would change to a line of zeros, and the totalizer would then be in its zero position for negative numbers, for any of the wheels could now be rotated nine steps in the negative direction before the carrying tooth associated with said wheel encountered its cooperatin carrying mechanism.

W'hen t e totalizer exhibits a positive quantity, the displacement of the totalizer wheels by which said quantity is determined is counted from the positive 0. On the other hand, when the totalizer exhibits a negative quantity,,the displacement of the totalizer wheels by which said quantity is determined is counted from the negative 0. As has been explained above, these two zeros differ from each other by one step inserted in the units place of the totalizer. Assume the totalizer has a positive reading which is correct as counted from position 0, and some number is subtracted therefrom which will cause the totalizer to have a negative reading, this new reading must be counted from the nega tive zero position. Consequently, to make this new reading correct, a unit must be taken from the totalizer in the lowest decimal place thereof.

As above stated, al ebraic totalizers are usually provided wit some designating means to indicate whether the totalizer is exhibiting positive numbers or exhibiting negative numbers. This designating means usually takes the form of a shutter which is.

adapted to conceal either the set of numbers from which positive uantities are read or the set of numbers rom which negative quantities are read. In my co-pending application, Serial Number 812.546, filed Jan. 16th, 1914, I have shown a totalizer which is provided with two shutters, the object bein as follows:

IVhen the totalizer changes sign, that is, when it passes through 0, the number which would normally be read would of course be one unit wrong. In order to get the correct reading, it is necessary to add a unit to this number. In the totalizer disclosed in my pending application, I have provided a second shutter which is adapted to conceal the number wheels which would otherwise be exhibited when the totalizer passed through zero, until this extra unit has been added. The addition of this extra unit shifts said second shutter and exhibits the correct value of the number in the totalizer.

Among the objects of my herein disclosed invention are to further improve the action of the totalizer disclosed in my cited application in the respect of minimizing the inevitable spiral occurring when the totalizer carries through all its decimal places. to prevent the totalizer from becoming locked in case. either by accident or design. it is on erated beyond ils capacity, and to make other improvements which will be herciu after specified and claimed.

My invention may be best understood by referring to the drawings of which,

Figure 1 is a partial section of the totalizer, taken from line 11 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a front View with front cover re moved and walls in section.

Fig. 3 illustrates a part change position of some of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1 for adding the unit in the lowest decimal place.

Fig. 4 is a section taken along the line 44 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a section along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4, with some intermediate members of the totalizer omitted.

Fig. 6 is a section along line 6-6 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a detail of the number wheels and shutters.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the hand operated shutter mechanism and also the mechanism for adding one in the units place.

Fig. 9 is a perspective of the shutter mechanism operated by the wheel in the highest decimal place of the totalizer and inplulties a perspective of the totalizer center Fig. 10 is a detail of the units adding mechanism as shown in Fig. 8.

My invention is shown as applied to a totalizer used on a Wahl adding machine. The action of this machine and form of tota-lizer has been thoroughly described in the issued patent to IVahl, #893,719, J uly 21st. 1908, and while the use of my invention is by no means limited to a Wahl totalizer, I show my invention in its preferred embodiment.

Reference to the cited patent to Wahl discloses that the actuator of the totalizer therein described is operated by the typewriter numeral keys in the following cycle:

Starting with the master wheel in engage ment with one of the totalizer gears, depression of any numeral key, for instance, the 5 key. results in 1. Rocking the master dog thus unlocking the totalizer gears at the actuated point.

2. Rotation of the master wheel five steps thus serving to rotate the engaged totalizer wheel the same number of steps.

3. Return of the master dog to its normal position.

4. Spacing of the typewriter carriage so that the master wheel engages the next totalizer gear to the right. viz., the one in the next lower decimal space.

All of these operations are thoroughlv d0 scribed in the above. cited patent to \Vahl. and itwill not be necessary to re-dcscribe them here.

It is also to be noted that the \Vahl patent shows an actuator which is reversible. that is.

can be used in either. addition or subtraction, andzthat the Wahl totalizer is reversible.

Reference to Eigs. 1, 2 and l of the drmw ings will disclose a totalizcr 10, which is mounted between side plates 11 and 12, and supported onthe truck 13 which corresponds to the truck in the cited \Vahl patent. The master wheel 14- andthe master dog 15 of this application corresponding to parts 19 and 208 in the above cited patent to \Vahl, serve to enter numbers into the totalizer and unlock the gear chain. at; the actuated point in the manner described therein.

The totalizer. hasa set of carrying gears 16 which are rotatablymounted upon a shaft 17 mounted between the side plates 11 and 12. The carrying gearslfi areconnected by transfer gears 18 which serve to carry the tens and. are rotatabl mounted: on swinging arms 19.- The. trans er gears 18have three planes, via, a receiving plane containing a gear 20- (Fig. 6) which isractuated by a carryingitooth onthecam'ying gearsilfi; 8;.l0Cking plane 22 which cooperates-with the looking disk 23-flndl a passing scallop 24 on the carrying gear, 16 ,oflower, order and atransmitting. plane centainingca. gear 25 which seams to communicate motion to the carrying gear 16 0f next higher order. The train of totalizer gears from the lowest to the highest decimal place is held. always looked and in order toiefl'ect insert motion in the intermediate portionof this chain it is necessary to unlock it. Thisis'accomplished by thereicpedient of mounting these transfer gears on the swinging a-rmsilfi, which are rotatably mounted on the shafts 26 secured between the sideplates 11 and 12. Before enteringa numberv the master: dog 15 I swings the: them engaged arm 19 andthus lifts. the transfer-gear mountedithereonv out of mesh with the carryinggearslli. Springs 27 and 28 so ry-e normal to hold these arms 19 againsta" set of ad justablestops 29 mounted in the bap30-supported by, the side plates 11 and 1,2. Thus the deptlr of, engagement of the transfer gears 16 is determined; Rotatably mounted between the side plates of the totalizer is a safety bar 31, the objert of whichis to prevent the actuation of more than one swinging arm 19 at a time. This safety bar action-has beenfully described in the patent to \Vahl and Goldberg, #896,871, Aug; 25th, 1908, to which reference may be had for further description.

The master wheel 14 enters the numbers in the totalizer in one decimal place at a time and as before noted, prior to the rotation of said master wheel, the master dog 15 (Fig. 1) is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction thereby raising the transfer gear out of mesh with the carrying gear 16 at that time engaged with the master wheel. This leaves said carrying gear free to be rotated by the master wheel and it is to be noted that when said carrying gear isnioved. there is a locked carrying chain extending fromsaid. wheel to a carrying gear of higher order. During the rotation of the master wheel 14, the safety bar 31 is held in an elevated position by the action of some one swinging. arm 19. A lug 32 (Fig. 9) is riveted to the safety bar 31 and serves to eleveto the center lock 33 coincidently with the rotation of said bar. This center lock 33 is rotatably mounted upon .the shaft 26, and is-normally held by a spring 34 in the position shown in Fig. 9. The carrying gear lfiishownf in Fig. His a carrying gear about the=middle of thetotalizer and the Work of the center lock is to eliminate the spiral which arises in the totalizer due to the carrying operation. The center lock is lifted out of engagement with the carrying gear 16 whenever a number is put into the totalizeri. Thereturn of the master dog 15 to its normal position allows the spring 34 to rock the safety bar 31 to. its normal position, whereupon the nose 35 on the center lock 33 alines thecarrying gear 16. The return of thelmaster, dog 15 toits normal osition, after haying been displaced there mm on the down stroke of the-key, is very rapid. C n equently the reengagement of the nose 35 ,with the carrying gear 16 (Fig.3) is in the nature of a blow, and the shock due to said'blow is transmitted through the gears of higher order and alines them much more effectually than would be done in case the nose 35 engaged-slowly with the gear 16.

I have now described the action by which the numbers aieentered into the .totalizer, andiat the risk of repetition, I will briefly summarize the operation.

First, upon depression of a typewriter numeral key the master dog 15 is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction. The engagediarm 19 is thereupon lifted, which thus disengaging the transfer gear connecting the carrylng gear 16 then'engaged by the masterwheel it with the carrying gear 16 of next lower order, also rocks the safety bar 31 which locks in position all swinging arms 19 except the one just actuated by the masfor dog 15. Rotation of this safety bar 31 also results in the lifting of the center lock 33 out of the position shown in Fig. 9 against the tension of the spring 34. The master wheel then rotates a number of steps corresponding to the numeral key operated, and? at the end of the down-stroke of the key themaster dog 15 suddenly returns to its normal position. This results in the reengagement of the thus displaced transfer gear, the sudden rotation of the safety bar 31 and the reengageinent of the center lock 33 with its associated carrying gear 16. Attached to the master dog 15 is a truck lock 36 which engages with a rack 37 mounted on the truck 13. This serves to hold the truck immovable during the actuation of the totalizer by the master wheel. Upon the return of the master dog to its normal position, the typewriter carriage, motion of which is communicated to the truck 13, escapes a step to the left, thereby bringing the carrying gear 16 of next lower order into engagement with the master wheel.

So far the above description covers only those parts which are ordinarily in the Wahl machine. I shall now describe the parts which are peculiar to my present invention.

Mounted on the shaft 38 (Fig. 7 supported between the side plates 11 an 12 is a series of idlers 39 which serve to trans mit the motion of the gears 16 by means of gears 40 and 41 to the number wheels 42 and 43. These number wheels are rotatably mounted on the shafts 49 and 50 supported between the side lates 11 and 12. ositive numbers are 'rea from the number wheels 42 and negative numbers from number wheels 43. Reference to Fig. 7 discloses that these wheels are so assembled that when the 0 of a positive wheel 42 is on its readin line, the 9 of the associated n a tive w eel 43 is on its reading line. 0- operating with these number wheels and adapted to conceal or expose them, are two sets of shutters. One set, 44 and 45, are actuated from the highest number wheel of the totalizer in a manner hereinafter to be described. The other set 46 and 47 are actuated from a handle 48 which serves to actuate the units inserti mechanism in the lowest place of the tota izer.

Referring particularly to Figs. 8 and 9, it will be seen that the shutters 44 and 45 are in the form of bails which are rotatably mounted on shafts 49 and 50. The right hand sides of these bails contain slots 51 and 52'. Rotatably mounted on the shaft 38 is a yoke 53, and in this yoke are pins 54 and 55, which engage in the slots 52 and 51 respect1vely. Slots 56 and 57 in the yoke 53 serve to clear the shafts 50 and 49 and permit oscillation of said yoke. Rocking of the yoke 53 results in the rocking of the shutters 44 and 45, by means of the pins 54 and 55 engaging the slots 52 and 51. 58 is a trans er gear, similar to the transfer gears 18 connecting the carrying gear 16 in the highest decimal place of the totalizer to a gear 59 which is rotatably mounted upon the shaft 17. Upon this gear 59 are formed two cam surfaces 60 and 61, these cams being in difi'erent planes and coiipcrating with the cams are the noses 62 and 63 of the yoke 53. Inspection of Fig. 9 will show that the rotation of the gear 59 in a clockwise direction will result in the rotation of the yoke 53 in a counter-clockwise direction. The surfaces of the cams 60 and 61 are approximately circular except for the rises shown in Fig. 9; therefore after the shutters have once been shifted by the motion of the wheel 59, said wheel may be rotated several steps without producing further motion of the shutters.

The shutter mechanism above described results in the rotation of the shutters 44 and 45 in a counter-clockwise direction (Fig. 7) whenever the totalizer passes from a positive quantity to a negative quantity. In the totalizer cover 64 are provided two windows 65 and 66, the window 66 serving to exhibit positive numbers and the window 65 serving the same purpose for negative numbers. Therefore the passage of the totalizer from positive to negative will re sult in the counter-clockwise rotation of the shutters 44 and 45, (Fig. 9). This will result in the closing of the window 66 and the opening, as far as the shutter 45 is concerned, of the window 65. We may then say as a general proposition that whenever the totalizer exhibits a ositive quantity, the shutters 44 and 45 will be in the position shown in Fig. 7, that is, the totalizer may be read through the window 66 and the window 65 will be closed by the shutter 45. In case the totalizer changes to a negative reading, the shutter 44 will close the opening 66 and the shutter 45 will be withdrawn from in line with the opening 65.

Rotatably mounted on the shafts 49 and 50 are the hand operated shutters 46 and 47. These are also in the form of bails having extended portions 67 and 68in" which are cut windows '69 and 70. Rotatably mounted on the shaft 38 (Fig. 8) is a member 71 havin noses 72 and 73 adapted to engage slots 4 and 75 on the shutters 46 and 47. Rotatably mounted on the shaft 17 is a segmental gear 76 having the tooth 77 engaging the slot 78 in the member 71.

From the chain of mechanism thus described, it is obvious that rotation of the segmental gear 76 will result in the rotation of the shutters 46 and 47. The segmental gear 76 is connected by a transfer gear 79 to a carrying ear 16 in the units place of the totalizer. he transfer gear 79 has a series of star teeth 80 mounted therein and these teeth correspond in size and shape to the locking teeth of the transfer gears 18 used to transfer motion from one carrying gear 16 to one of higher order. However, these star teeth 80 of the transfer gear 79 have no locking function except that of being locked upon the transverse bar 81 which is mounted between the side plates of the totalizer and serves to look any of the other transfer gears in position when the same are raised by the arms 19.

Reference to Figs. 3 and 8 discloses that the segment 76 has a series of teeth which engage the gear 79. On the other side of the locking teeth 80 is a gear 98, (Fig. 6)

ease

. havin the'same number'of teeth as the gear 79. (1631 98 enga es the carryin :gear 16 in the units place ofthetotalizer. 'bviously rotation of the segment 76 will impart motion to said gear 16, and according to the direction of said rotation will either add .or subtract a unit from the totalizer.

I shall now describe the means by which this motion, either when it is desired to add a unit or when it is desired to subtract a unit, is produced.

Rotatably mounted on theshaft 49'is the handle 48 (Figs. 1 and 3). Rigid with this handle is a gear 82 (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1). This gear meshes with an idter 83 which is rotatably mounted on the shaft 38 and whose teeth en age the teeth 84 of the segment 85, rotata ly mounted on the shaft 17. he segment 85 has an arm 86, Fig. 8, which is adapted to engage with and raise the arm 88, rotatably mounted on the shaft 26, said arm havin also a cam surface 90 adapted to raise tfie safety bar 31. A spring 89 between the arm 88 and the frame work serves to hold it against a stop 29 as shown in Fig. 8. Rigidly connected to said bar 88 is a piece having a nose 87, which nose is of the same shape as that engaged by the arm 86. Rotatably mounted on the collar 91 projecting from the segment 85 is a cam 92 having a slot 93 therein, which is adapted to be engaged by the pin 94, rigidly mounted on the arm 86 (Figs. 8 and 10).

Leaving out of consideration for a 1110- ment the action of the shutters 46 and 47, motion of the handle 48 in a counterclockwise direction (Fig. 1) will result through the idler 83 in the rotation of the segment 85 in a counterclockwise direction also. Upon rotation of this segment, the arm 86 will contact with the pin 95 rigid in the segment 76 and will turn said segment. The arm 88 and the associated nose 87 will be raised and this will result in the rotation of the safety bar 31 in a-counterclockwise direction, (Fig. 8) thereby locking all the arms 19 in their normal position. The rotation of the segment 76 will be transferred through the gear 79 to the gear 16 in the units place of the totalizer. After the nose on the arm 88 has passed the highest point of the arm 86, a dwell 96 of the cam 92 will be underneath the nose 87 and hold the same elevated, thereby holding the safety bar in its locking position until just before thefull motion of the handle 48 is completed. Just before the completion of this motion, (shown in Fig. 3), the nose 87 will slip off from the dwell 96 and allow the arm 88 and the safety bar 31 to return to their normal positions with a snap. The returning of the safety bar to its normal position results in the return of thecenter lock 33 to its normal position, whereupon the carrying gears 16 of the totalizer are r given the; samefkind of a sudden .alining blow =-when a unit rise-slowly added: into thmg'totalizer by meansvof' the handle 48as-is given when a unit is added into the totalizer bymeansofthmmaster Wheel 14. I considerithe mechanism for ebtainingthis sudden MDfiOIl-"Dff'llh safety bar 31 as a very importantfeature of 'myinvention, since if the auxiliary cam- 92-were not present to hold thearm 88 in its-elevated position until the handle 48. had I'GflCht-Zdiill'lfi end of its travel, the-centerlock '33 would descend slowly, since such descent would ensue upon the dog on the arms-88following the rounded surface of-the arm 86 as the lat ter was turned by the handle. The segmentalgear 76 has in its; second pin 97 which servesto transmit the motison ofithe handle 48 to the segmental gear when said handle is moved in a caantrary direction from the motion just explained. The stop pins 99 and 100 rigid in the side-plate 11 serve to limit the motion of the-arm 86 on either side.

From the preceding it is evident that the motion of the handle 48 from the position shown in Fig.1,will insert a unit in the totalizer in addition andthat on said handle being moved from its alternative position to the position shown in Fig. 1, a unit will be inserted in the totalizer in a contrary direction, viz., in subtraction.

I will now describe the action of the shutters 46 and, 47. Simultaneously with the insertion of a unit in the totalizer by means of the handle 48, the tooth 77 rigid with the segment 76 by its action on the slot 7 8will rotate the member 71 and this member by means of its teeth 72 and 73 engaging in the slots 74 and 75 in the shutters 46 and 47 will rock said shutters. This will result in the window in the upper shutterbeing brought out of register with the window in the casing and the window in the other shutter being brought into register with the lower window in the casing.

The operation of'my improved totalizer is therefore as follows:

Assume thatsome number. iior instance, plus 5, is in the totalizer. If one were to subtract 8, the units wheel of the totalizer would be rotated 8 steps in a negative direction. Between the 5th and 6th steps the totalizer would carry throughout the chain to the highest carrying gear 16, thereby shifting the shutters 44and 45 from the position shown in Fig. 7 to their alternative position. This would result in the closing of the window 66. The window 65 associatedwith the negative number wheels would remain closed on account of the fact that the shutters 46 and 47 would have not been moved. On the completion of the 8th step the totalizer would escape one step and the master wheel 14 Would be in the plane of the gear segment 76. Since, however, the bottom teeth of this segment are removed, the segment may be rotated without interference from the master wheel. The number wheel 42 in the units lace of the totalizer would then stand to ex ibit 7 and the number wheel 43 in the units place would have a 2 at the reading line. It will be noted that the number 2, in position to be exhibited by the negative wheel 43 is one unit too small, since 8 from 5 leaves minus 3. However, the 2 would not be visible since it would be concealed by the position of the shutter 47.

Noticing that the totalizer did not exhibit any number, the operator would move the handle 18 to its alternative position, thereby subtracting a unit from the totalizer and shifting the shutters 46 and 47 to their alternative positions. The number wheel 43 would then become visible and since a unit had been added therein, would exhibit a 3, the correct answer. During the insertion of this unit the parts connected to the handle 18 would of course go through the cycle as described above. It is to be noted that the shutters 46 and 47 have windows cut in them. This is for the purpose of bringing "down the mask concealing the numbers on the wheels 42 and 4:3 as close to said wheels as possible.

Inspection of Fig. 7 discloses that the totalizer cover 61 is some little distance from the periphery of the number wheels 42 and 43, since room must be provided for the auxiliary shutters H; and 45. By placing a window in the shutters 46 which are next to the wheel, the liability of the wrong numbers being read is materially lessened. I consider this feature of marked advantage.

It is to be noted that the gear 7 9 (Fig. 8) is mounted on a swinging arm 19 similar to the transfer gears of the totalizer. Obviously since the connection to the segmental gear 76 and the gear 16 in the units place of the totalizer is by means of the gears 7 9 and 98 rigid with each other, unless said gears were removed from their position, it would be impossible to rotate the units gear of the totalizer. It is to be noted that the gear 58 serving to transmit motion from the gear 16 in the highest decimal place of the totalizer to the gear 59, (Fig. 9) is mounted on the swinging arm 101 also, this arm being rotatably mounted on the shaft 26, However, this mounting of the gear 58 is not necessary.

It will be noted that while the yoke 53 will be shifted from its positive to negative position or vice verse. by one step of the wheel 59, that if the rotation of said wheel is continued in the same direction the yoke 53 will be returned to its original position and it may be asked why does not this fault render the machine inoperative since, assuming that the yoke 53 has been shifted so as to exhibit the positive setting of numbers, continual addition of positive numbers into the totalizer will result in the return of the yoke 53 to its negative position.

The answer to this question is that the continuous rotation of the wheel 59 a suflicient number of steps to get the yoke out of cycle, corresponds to the act of operating the totalizer beyond its capacity. In totalizers of the prior art, where the shutters were shifted directly by the action of the highest wheel of the carrying chain, an attempt to operate the totalizer beyond its capacity would result in a locking of the totalizer, since the shutters could be rotated but one step and after having been moved this step, continued rotation of the shutters was impossible and the machine would be locked. This locking up of the machine would be undesirable in the Wahl machine, since an attempt to operate the totalizer beyond its capacity and the consequent locking thereof, would result in leaving the actuator locked up by the full stroke pawls and the whole machine would be temporarily out of service.

With my improved construction herein shown, I have greatly enlarged the capacity of the totalizer by the expedient of allowing some 15 steps of the wheel 59 before the totalizer is thrown out of cycle. Therefore, while the fault of the totalizer giving wrong indications when operated beyond its capacity is still present in my herein described construction, as well as in the structures of the prior art, yet the machine itself is not locked on an attempt to operate the totalizer beyond its capacity,but on the contrary,remains free and the excess amount which has been put in may be at once withdrawn, upon the totalizers giving an indication that it is out of cycle by having the shutters change at the wrong time.

It is of course, possible to operate any adding machine beyond its capacity and thereby obtain erroneous results. However, in my herein described invention, in case such a misoperation is purposely or accidentally made it may be rectified at once without having the entire machine put out of action as a result of such misoperation.

Said gear, as far as its function is concerned, might be just as well mounted on the side plate 12 of the totalizer, since the gear 59 is never out of mesh with the carrying gear 16 in the highest place of the totalizer. However, the mounting shown in Fig. 9 is a convenient one, since the gear 59 is similar to the transfer gears 18, and of course the part of the arm 101 which would normally be engaged by the master dog is omitted since said arm is never required to be lifted. The arm 101 has a projection 102 similar to those of the swinging arms 19,

and this projection is engaged and locked by the safety bar 31 when the same is displaced.

In this specification I have shown my totalizer as having two sets of numbers mounted on two sets of wheels positively geared together. Obviously the two sets of numbers could be put on one set of wheels which would result in a device somewhat simpler than that shown. However, my use of two sets of-wheels in the device shown in. this application, results purely from limitation of space. The lVa-hl totalizer is so constructed that the distance from one decimal space to the next is th of an inch, the usual pitch of a typewriter. This does not afford suflicient space to place two sets of numbers upon the same number wheel. I therefore have adopted the expedient of having two sets of number wheels, one set for exhibiting positive digits, and the other set for exhibiting the negative ones. 0bviously, placing the two sets of numbers on a single wheel is the equivalent of my invention herein disclosed.

Attention is directed to my co-pending application for algebraic totalizers No. 812,546, filed January 16th, 1914, and also my copending application for algebraic totalizers, No. 751.032, filed Feb. 27th, 1913, in both of which I have claimed matters which are disclosed but not claimed in this present application.

Many changes and modifications may be made in the precise form and structure herein disclosed without departing from the spirit of my invention, since I claim:

1. In a calculating machine, the combination of a bank of gear wheels, an actuating mechanism for said gear wheels, units inserting means independent of said actuating mechanism, an alining device normally in contact with said wheels and means between said units inserting means and said alining device to withdraw said alining device from the totalizer wheels at the beginning of the motion of said units inserting device, to hold said alining device withdrawn during the insertion of a unit and suddenly to restore said alining device to its original position at the completion of the motion of said units inserting device. 7

2. In a totalizer, the combination of a set of carrying wheels, an actuating mechanism adapted to insert numbers in said wheels, a units inserting device independent of said actuating mechanism also adapted to insert numbers in said wheels, an rotatable member acting on said alining device and means operated by said units inserting device to rotate said rotatable member whereby said alining device is operated by said rotatable member.

3. In a totalizer, the combination of a segalining device, a

mental gear in the sub-units place, manual means to rotate said segmental gear, a spring operated arm rocked by said manual rotating means, a cam having a dwell operated by said manual operating means, and a projection on said spring operated arm adapted to coiiperate with said dwell to thereby hold said spring operate-d arm in its alternative position during the operation of said units inserting device.

4. In a totalizer, the combination of a gear in the sub-units place, manual means to rotate said gear, a spring operated arm rocked by said manual rotating means, a cam having a dwell operated by said manual operating means, and a projection on said spring operated arm adapted to coiiperate with said dwell to thereby hold said spring operated arm in its alternative position during the operation of said units inserting device.

5. In a totalizer, the combination of manually operated units inserting means, a cam having a dwell and a pin and slot connection between said cam and said units inserting means.

6. In a totalizer, the combination of manually operated units inserting means, a cam having a dwell and a slot, a pin connected to said units inserting means and adapted to coiiperate in said slot, said pin being of less angular diameter than said slot whereby said pin may have an angular motion relative to said slot without moving said cam.

7. In a totalizer, the combination of a units inserting means, a cam having a dwell. and a pin and slot connection permitting lost motion between said cam and units inserting means.

8. In a totalizer, the combination of rotatable units inserting means, a cam mounted concentric with said units inserting means and having a dwell, and a pin and slot connection permitting lost motion between said cam and units inserting means.

'9. In a totalizer, the combination of a units inserting means, a cam having a dwell, a pin and slot connection between said cam and said units inserting means, and a spring actuated arm adapted to be rocked by said units inserting means.

10. In a totalizer, the combination of a units inserting means, a cam having a dwell, a pin and slot connection between said cam and said units inserting means, and a spring actuated arm adapted to be raised by said units inserting means, and having a projection adapted to coiiperate with the dwell on said cam.

11. In a totalizer, the combination of a units inserting means, a. cam having a dwell, a pin and slot connection between said cam and said units inserting means, a spring 7 said highest numeral actuated arm adapted to be raised by said units inserting means, and having a projection adapted to cooperate with the dwell on said cam, and a safety bar adapted to be rocked by said spring actuated arm.

12. In a totalizer, the combination of a set of gears, an alining device adapted to aline said gears, a units inserting means, a cam having a dwell, a pin and slot connection between said cam and said units inserting means, a spring actuated arm adapted to be raised by said units inserting means, and having a projection adapted to cooperate with the dwell on said cam, a safety bar rocked by said spring actuated arm, and means connected to said safety bar to operate said alining device.

13. In a totalizer, the combination of a set of gears, a spring operated alining device adapted to aline said gears, a units inserting means, a cam having a dwell, a pin and slot connection between said cam and said units inserting means, a spring actuated arm adapted to be raised by said units inserting means, and having a projection adapted to cooperate with the dwell on said cam, a safety bar rocked by said spring actuated arm, and means connected to said safety bar to operate said spring operated alining device.

14. In a totalizer, the combination of a set of numeral Wheels, a shutter adapted to cooperate with said numeral wheels, and means to operate said shutter simultaneously with the operation of the highest numeral wheel of said set, said shutter operating means permitting an entire revolution of ing of said shutter.

15. In a totalizer, the combination of a set of numeral wheels, a pair of shutters adapted to cooperate with said numeral wheels, said shutters being independently movable, and means to operate said shutters simultaneously with the operation of the highest numeral wheel of said set, said shutter operatin means permitting an entire revolution 0 said highest numeral wheel after the shifting of said shutters.

16. In a totahzer, the combination of a Copies of this patent may be obtained for wheel after the shift- I iive cents each,

set of numeral wheels, a shutter adapted to cooperate with said numeral wheels, a rocker adapted to operate said shutter, a yoke on said rocker, and a cam having dwells thereon cooperating with said yoke whereby additional rotation of said highest numeral wheel is permitted after the shifting of said shutter.

17 In a totalizer, the combination of a set of numeral wheels, a shutter adapted to cooperate with said numeral wheels, a rocker adapted to operate said shutter, a yoke on said rocker, a cam having dwells thereon cooperating with said yoke whereby additional rotation of said highest numeral wheel is permitted after the shifting of said shutter, and means actuated by the highest numeral wheel of said totalizer to operate said cams.

18. In a totalizer, the combination of a set of numeral wheels, a pair of shutters cooperating with said numeral wheels, either of said shutters being adapted to conceal said numeral wheels, and a window in one of said shutters, said window being adapted to exhibit said numeral wheels.

19. In a totalizer, the combination of a set of numeral wheels, a pair of shutters mounted concentric with said numeral wheels, either of said shutters being adapted to conceal said numeral wheels and one of said shutters operatin inside of the other, and a window in said inside shutter, said window being adapted to exhibit said numoral wheels.

20. In a totalizer, the combination of a set of numeral wheels, a shutter adapted to cooperate with said numeral wheels, and means adapted to operate said shutter, said shutter operating means being controlled from the highest one of said numeral wheels, and said controlling means including a cam having a dwell thereon, and a follower cooperating with said cam whereby the motion of said highest numeral wheel causing the shifting of said shutter may be continued without interference.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name, this 27th day of Jul 1915.

ARTHUR F. PO LE.

by addressing the "Commissioner of ratentl,

Washington, D. 0." 

